Balun
Bridges the balanced antenna and the unbalanced coax, with or without a ratio change.
Stops shield current on the coax, which is the usual cause of mysterious RF interference.
| Type | Ferrite sleeve, clamped split cores, or wound toroid |
|---|---|
| Common-mode impedance | 500-2000 ohm over the design band |
| Placement | At the feed point, and again at the shack entry |
| Frequency range | Band-specific; mix 31 for HF, mix 43 for VHF |
| Power handling | Passive; limited only by heating of the core |
| Effect on wanted signal | Negligible — differential current is unaffected |
| Installation | Snap-on for retrofits, wound toroid for best performance |
A feedline choke is a common-mode suppressor placed around the coax, usually a ferrite sleeve or a set of clamped cores near the feed point. It presents a high impedance to current flowing on the outside of the shield while passing the wanted differential signal untouched.
This matters because shield current is the most common cause of RF getting into audio equipment, computer interfaces and telephones. It also distorts the antenna pattern, because the shield is radiating as an unintended part of the antenna. A choke is one of the cheapest and most effective fixes in amateur radio.
Ferrite cores can become hot enough to burn after sustained high-power transmission if the mix is wrong for the band. Fit chokes where they cannot be touched during operation, and check them by feel after a long transmission.