Ground Rod
The station earth electrode — the reference everything else bonds to.
A sacrificial path to earth for the coax, so a surge does not go looking for your radio.
| Type | Gas discharge tube, spark gap, or hybrid |
|---|---|
| Connector | SO-239, N or BNC depending on the feedline |
| Surge current | Typically 10-20 kA for a good unit |
| Clamping voltage | A few hundred volts |
| Insertion loss | Below 0.2 dB in the operating band |
| Bandwidth | DC to 1 GHz for broadband types |
| Cartridge | Replaceable on better units; must be checked after a strike |
A coax lightning arrestor sits in the feedline at the point where it enters the building. It normally passes the signal through untouched, but when the voltage across it rises above a threshold — from a nearby strike or static build-up — it conducts that energy to the earth connection instead.
Two technologies are common. A gas discharge tube fires at a few hundred volts and handles large surges, but it is slow and lets a brief spike through. A DC-blocked arrestor with a quarter-wave stub or a spark gap adds a second layer. Whatever the design, an arrestor is only as good as the earth it connects to.
An arrestor does not make an antenna safe to touch during a storm, and it does not protect against a direct strike. Disconnect antennas and mains power when a storm approaches, and never rely on protection equipment to make outdoor work safe while lightning is nearby.